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mukesh gupta (advocate)     25 February 2012

Criminal breach of trust

Sec.27 when property is in poss. of person's servent, on account of that servent, IT IS THAT PERSON'S POSSESSION within meaning of this code.


As per sec.406, the peson must be either in domination of property or must be entrusted with the property. In both the cases the possession must be with such person.

Entrustment presupposes the transfer of possession

Domination over property equally presupposes the possession with the person

 

Q.The servent can never be in possession of the property as per section 27 for the purpose of IPC, then how he can be liable for breach of trust u/s 409?



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 1 Replies

Adv.R.P.Chugh (Advocate/Legal Consultant (rpchughadvocatesupremecourt@hotmail.com))     25 February 2012

Section 27 talks about servant/wife/clerk ....on the other hand S.409 deals with Agent - banker, merchant, factor, broker, attorney or agent..... it nowhere talks about servant.

A Servant's/wife's/clerk's possession is treated as possession of the master/husband/master - primarily for the pruposes of the law of theft. If my goods are lying with servant and they are stolen - in order that theif is not able to take the defence of he not taking it out of my possession was S.27 engrafted. It is based on the principle that a master always retains constructive possession of his goods with the servant. Servant cannot therefore be held liable for S.409 as the same does not apply on him. However a servant may double as an agent w.r.t a certain area of work of the master - in that case - if there is complete abdication of possession - then he can be held liable for CBT also. Because in that capacity he is an agent not a servant - the master no longer retains constructive possession in that case.  

Though in any case he can be liable for criminal misappropriation - as goods are under his control and if he dishonestly converts it or misappropriates it to his own use. 


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