High courts

There were only three Chartered High Courts established in India, namely, Calcutta, Bombay and Madras during the British reign, which have been continued to be as such in the respective places. Those Chartered High Court exercised different powers apart from exercising power provided under the Presidential Towns.

he Act of 1861, titled as "an Act for establishing High Courts of judicature in India authorised Her Majesty the Queen of England to establish High Courts by issuing Letters Patent to Presidency towns wherever and whenever it deemed fit.

Accordingly, Her Majesty the Queen issued the Charter of High Court of Calcutta on 14th May, 1862; and Charters for establishing High Courts in Madras and Bombay were issued on June 26, 1862.

Thus these three High Courts are called Chartered High Court.

'The powers and the functions of High Courts whether situated in Chennai or Guwahati or Patna are identical. The Constitution does not distinguish between High Courts. No High Court enjoys exalted position over another.

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