I do not agree your innocence.
Your boss asked you to hand-over a cheque at a distance place of 40 kms away from your branch and to escape such tedious jobs you concocted a story that some boys harrassed you etc. You have kept quiet, you have thrown the ball in the court of higher officials to project your manager in poor light. You want to escape from your duties.
Regarding cash shortage, it is not that you have given the written statement confessing the crime under duress. You have given this statement on promise that you will be caught free and left with a simple transfer. Not knowing that it is a trick played on you, believing them, you have confessed the truth. Nothing wrong in interrogating you to get the truth out. Don't you know the way the police interrogate the criminals to get out the truth from them?
It is also not true that they have served termination all of the sudden. They might have followed the procedures of domestic enquiry, might have given an opportunity to you to defend yourself. You have not brought these things in your query.
You are too over-smart and paid price for it.
Better you search for some other job.