Relieving letter signifies that nothing is due against employee and employee has been properly relieved.
Your current employer has accepted you without relieving letter. Future employers may/may not.
Appointment letter, notice of resignation and its acceptance, final resignation and its acceptance, last salary slip and all previous ones, acceptance of resignation, FNF sheet, FNF payment proof, Form 16 as per FNF statement, NOC obtained from all dept of the company, acknowledgment of company property/hand over of charge…may get accepted as good as proof of relieving, experience.
Apparently your past employer has not issued even acceptance of resignation.
If you wish to apply for foreign appointment the work experience/service certificate, relieving letter may be asked for.
You have posted that:
“Further to this I met them in person, but was treated very harshly to my request.”
What are the underlying issues?
If you have already submitted a gentle representation to HR escalate to good offices, and chase them with say a 1-2 reminders.
If your past employer was IT/ITES Company then it is covered under SE Act.
Some states had granted blanket exemption to IT companies from provisions of standing orders, some had not. In State of Karnataka which had granted exemption in previous years, now all companies have been directed to submit draft standing orders up to Dec2012.
Trade unions have been calling upon to organize the IT employees and some trade union may be of help to you.
In Maharashtra where SE Act Bombay is applicable:
^[??-?. Application of Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act to establishments.-The provisions of the Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946, in its application to the State of Maharashtra [(hereinafter in this section referred to as "the said Act"), and the rules and standing orders (including model standing orders) made thereunder from time to time, shall, mutatis rnuimdis, apply to all establishments wherein fifty or more employees are employed and to which this Act applies, as if they were industrial establishment within the meaning of the said Act.
(Implies if company is under SE Act and if it has not framed its standing orders the model standing orders shall apply to all employees. Model Standing Orders are attached. You can also download from Dept. of Labor Maharashtra/Bombay website also. Thus while you can approach Inspector under SE Act you should also be eligible to approach Labor Inspector/ALC.)
Designation alone does not decide employee is a workman or not. Your lawyer may ask you a set of structured questions and may opine that you fall within the category of a workman. Don’t conceal anything from your lawyer, and understand the strategy formulated for your case and proceed under expert advice of your lawyer.
The company may relent on receiving legal notice from your lawyer, notice by lawful authority, or you may have to agitate to lawful authority, court of law.
If good offices of the company donot provide releif then why should a harassed and suffering employee hesitate to go to court of law and lawful authority in the state?
After all courts and State is “Parens patriae “ or "parent to the nation."
Valuable advice of learned experts/members is sought.