Supreme Court

India is a federal State having a single and unified judicial system with a three-tier structure, i.e., Supreme Court, High Courts and Subordinate Courts.

The Supreme Court of India was established on 28 January, 1950. It is located in Tilak Nagar, New Delhi. It's motto is Yato Dharmastato Jayah (Where there is Dharma, there will be victory). It's composition method is by way of collegium of the Supreme Court of India. It is authorized by the Constitution of India. The term of judges is mandatory retirement at 65 years of age. The current Chief Justice of India is Justice N. V. Ramana.

The Indian Constitution under Article 124(1) states that there shall be a Supreme Court of India consisting of a Chief justice of India (CJI) and 34 judges, including the CJI. The Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of India can broadly be categorised into original jurisdiction, appellate jurisdiction and advisory jurisdiction.

The Indian Constitution provides for a provision of the Supreme Court under Part V (The Union) and Chapter 6 titled 'The Union Judiciary'.  

 Due to lack of transparency and delay in the appointment, a new article 124 A was incorporated in the constitution, under which the National Judiciary Appointments Commission (NJAC) replaced the collegium system for the appointment of judges as mandated in the existing pre-amended constitution by a new system.

Articles 137 to 141 of the Constitution of India lay down the composition and jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of India. The Supreme Court has Original, Appellate and Advisory jurisdiction.

It has the power to punish in case of contempt of court, judicial review, deciding authority regarding the election of President and Vice President. enquiring authority in the conduct and behaviour of UPSC members, withdraw cases pending before High Courts and dispose of them themselves, appointment of ad hoc judges, appointment of retired judges of the Supreme Court or High Court, appointment of acting Chief Justice, and revisory jurisdiction.

Regards,

Anaita Vas

Well mentioned reply.

NJAC is unconstitutional In a collective order, the Supreme Court has struck down on the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) law meant to replace the two-decade old collegium system of judges appointing judges in higher judiciary.

This was declared unconstitutional in the case Supreme Court Advocates on Record Association vs Union of India.

Regards,

Anaita Vas